Effect of Aggressive Chemical Environment on Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Concrete
Main Article Content
Abstract
Concrete is the most widely used building material around the world because of the availability of raw materials, the simplicity in preparation and the moulding into different shapes. One of the main ingredients in a normal concrete mixture is Portland cement. It leads to the release of significant amount of CO2 and other greenhouse gases to pollute the atmosphere. Reuse and recycle of industrial solid wastes and by products in concrete is necessary to produce even “greener” concrete. The use of fly ash is more environmental friendly due to the reduced CO2 emissions and costs compared to OPC, which requires the burning of large quantities of fuel and the decomposition of limestone and can result in significant CO2 emissions. The test results indicate that the heat-cured fly ash-based geopolymer concrete has an excellent resistance to acid and sulphate attack when compared to conventional concrete. Thus we can say that the production of geopolymers have a relative higher strength, excellent volume stability and better durability. The experimental results reveal that the poisson’s ratio was in the range of 0.20 to 0.24 and modulus of elasiticity was in the range of 27 to 29 N/mm2.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
IJCERT Policy:
The published work presented in this paper is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license. This means that the content of this paper can be shared, copied, and redistributed in any medium or format, as long as the original author is properly attributed. Additionally, any derivative works based on this paper must also be licensed under the same terms. This licensing agreement allows for broad dissemination and use of the work while maintaining the author's rights and recognition.
By submitting this paper to IJCERT, the author(s) agree to these licensing terms and confirm that the work is original and does not infringe on any third-party copyright or intellectual property rights.
References
McCaffrey R. Climate change and the cement industry, Global cement and lime magazine (Environmental special issue), 8(2002) 15-9.
Davidovit. J., “Geopolymers: Inorganic polymeric new materials”, Journal of Materials Education,Vol. 16 (1994), pp. 91 – 139.
N. S. Pandian, “Fly ash characterization with reference to geotechnical applications” J. Indian Inst. Sci., Nov.–Dec. 2004, 84, 189–216.
Palomo A., Grutzeck, M. W. and Blanco M. T. 1999. Alkali-activated fly ashes: cement for the future. Cement and Concrete Research. 29(8): 1323-1329.
Shankar H. Sanni1, Khadiranaikar, R. B, “Performance of geopolymer concrete under severe environmental conditions,International Journal Of Civil and Structural Engineering Volume 3, No 2, 2012.
K. Kannapiran*, T. Sujatha and S. Nagan, “Resistance of Reinforced Geopolymer ConcreteBeams To Acid And Chloride Migration”Asian Journal Of Civil Engineering (Bhrc) Vol. 14, No. 2 (2013) Pages 225-238.
Pavlik, V. 1996. Corrosion of hardened cement paste by acetic and nitric acids Part III: influence of water/cement ratio, Cement and Concrete Research
Dan, E.; Janotka, I. 2003. Chemical Resistance of Portland cement Blast-furnace slag cement and SulphoaluminateBelite cement in acid, chloride and sulphate solution: Some preliminary results, Ceramics-Silikaty 47(4): 141-148.
Beddoe, R. E.; Dorner, H. W. 2005. Modeling acid attack on concrete: Part I. The essential mechanisms, Cement and Concrete Research 35(12):2333-2339.
Allahverdi Ali, Skavara, Frantisek, “Sulfuric acid attack on Hardened paste of Geopolymer cements, Part 1. Mechanism of Corrosion at relatively high Concentrations”, Ceramics -Silikáty 49 (4) 225- 229(2005)
Bakharev. T, “Resistance of geopolymer materials to acid attack”, Cement and concrete Research 35 (2005) 658-670.
Bakharev.T, “Durability of geopolymer materials in sodium and magnesium sulfate Solutions”, Cement and concrete Research 35 (2005) 1233-1246.
Wallah,S.E., Hardjito D., sumajoouw, D.M.J., and Rangan (2005a), “Sulphate And Acid Resistance Of Fly Ash-based Geopolymer Concrete”, in proceeding of Australian structural engineering.
Wallah, S.E. and Rangan, B.V. 2006. Low-Calcium fly ash-based geopolymer concrete: Long-term properties. Curtin University of Technology.
Thokchom, S., Dr. ParthaGhosh, P. and Ghosh, S. 2009. Acid Resistance of Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Mortars. International Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering